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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSOG 200.04 NEW 1-2014_Worker Rehab200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Effective. 1/5/2014 Revised: Replaces: - f III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III III I. Guiding PhilosophX Weather combined with strenuous activity can have a potentially devastating effect on first responders. We strive to minimize the effects of high heat, humidity, dangerous cold temperatures and worker fatigue by executing an organized and timely system of worker rehabilitation. II. Purpose The purpose of this policy is to provide advanced planning for routine rehabilitation during training, daily duties, and actual incidents where members are subjected to heavy physical labor or prolonged periods of exposure to potentially harmful temperature levels. III. Goals The goals of this policy are to: A. Provide general rehab considerations. B. List rehab concerns for high heat and humid conditions. C. List rehab concerns for wet, windy or cold conditions. D. Outline details for medical evaluation during rehab. IV. Definitions A. Dangerous Heat Temperatures -- Occur any time the Heat Index is over 90° F. The higher the heat index reaches above 90', the more extreme the effects are on the body and subsequent fatigue levels. Working in direct sunlight or in full PPE will also increase the effects of the heat index. See Appendix A for chart. B. High Humidity -- Humidity levels above 60% should be considered elevated. High levels of humidity amplify the effects of heat on the body. Fluid intake should be increased in high humidity activities. See Appendix A for chart. C. Dangerous Cold Temperatures -- Occur any time the wind chill index is below 35° F. Wet clothing and activities around water will increase the effects on the body. See Appendix B for chart. V. General REHAB considerations A. All Department members share responsibility in the implementing rehab. SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 1 of 7 1. Fire Administration, the Medical Advisory Group and the Tactical Advisory Group are responsible for: a. Keeping the rehabilitation policy updated with current data and information on rehab safety. b. Coordinating with Beaumont EMS for their roles in the system. 2. Logistics Section -Support Branch personnel, are responsible for procuring expendable food and rehydration drink items so that they are readily available if needed. 3. During a training exercise, the Lead Instructor is responsible for ensuring effective rehabilitation is maintained as needed throughout the training exercise. 4. During an incident, the Incident Commander (IC) is responsible for ensuring effective rehabilitation is maintained as needed throughout the event. 5. The Incident Safety Officer an/or Training Program Coordinator is responsible for notifying the Incident Commander or Lead Instructor if they become aware that adequate rehabilitation is not being maintained. 6. Company Officers are responsible for: a. Routine rehab needs around the station or in non -emergency activities. b. Having their crew report for routine rehab as directed and cooperating with EMS responsible for checking responder health. c. Updating the Incident Commander on the rehab needs of their crew if they are not adequately being addressed. 7. Each member is responsible for: a. Staying properly hydrated, particularly when outdoor temperatures are elevated. b. Monitoring his/her individual fatigue levels and notifying his/her chain of command if they have rehab needs that are not being adequately met. c. Wearing appropriate clothing in cold weather situations to help maintain proper body temperature. d. Being truthful and cooperative during medical evaluations when required as part of the rehab process. e. Notifying the Rehab Supervisor of any medication or special dietary needs at longer duration events. B. Rehabilitation is a process that should not cause a disruption to emergency services if it is adequately planned for in advance. Extra personnel should be called for as needed in anticipation of workers entering rehab. C. When needed at larger events or structure fires, the IC will designate a Rehab Supervisor who will be responsible for the Rehab Division. 1. Generally, the Rehab Division should be established near T74 and the med unit unless they are positioned too close to the hazard zone. Both units can be utilized in the rehab process. If these units are not available, a suitable building, area, or vehicle away from the event may be designated instead. SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 2 of 7 2. When possible, the Rehab Division should provide: a. A place where members can safely remove PPE b. Some relief from inclement weather c. Hydration needs d. Food or snacks at extended events 3. Crews should be rotated into rehab together and should leave together unless fatigue or injury prevents one or more of them from returning to duty. In this case, the Incident Safety Officer and/or Rehab Supervisor will reassign cleared members into new crews as needed when leaving rehab. a. The IC should always be made aware of a member that is not capable of returning to duty. b. Changes should be noted in the accountability system if crew personnel get reconfigured after rehab. c. Crews cleared to leave rehab will report to the Staging Officer (when implemented at larger incidents) or to the IC (at smaller incidents) to be re -assigned. D. Typically, rehab should meet the following basic targets: 1. At standby calls, non emergency events, or when members are NOT engaged in strenuous activities but the weather has reached potentially dangerous levels: g 0 �� rt'dni i'ell without a a. Members should not work longer than i rehab break. b. Hydration should be provided and a chance to get out of the extreme weather for at least 1(0 tes'. c. No formal medical evaluation is mandatory but Officers and the Incident Commander should monitor members for signs of distress and take action as appropriate to keep the members safe. d. Subsequent rehab breaks should occur for the duration of the event. e. If needed, call for T74 to assist with worker rehab. 2. For members or crews performing strenuous activities: a. When working as a crew, the entire crew should be sent to rehab as a unit. If possible, crews reporting to rehab should be staggered so that there is not a backup of workers awaiting evaluation. b. g i�� iiiii'iii'ii'k (or the Members should not work longer than �' consumption of one 45 minute air bottle) without a short break L' fr�'�d'°w 1(I'„�hfJr;ae,sj for hydration and rest. C. �m i t s ��� � �� t' ,ic iu d 1, I� t`E (or the consumption of two 45 minute air bottles), the member or crew should be sent for at least a 1(0 inns f,�tae rehab break. i. During training events, station assignments, or non -fire based emergencies, no formal medical evaluation is mandatory but it is strongly encouraged. If no medical evaluation is given, Officers and the Incident Commander should monitor members for signs of distress and take action as appropriate to keep the members safe. SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 3 of 7 ii. Where EMS is assigned to standby for our workers, members will be sent for a mandatory formal medical evaluation during the rehab period. (See Section VIII) c. Subsequent rehab breaks during the same event should occur v..lof physical activity for the duration of the ���i t ..�t......, event. If present, EMS will continue to evaluate workers at each rehab period. The Incident Commander may alter these targets as necessary. If alterations shorten the rehab time, the IC and the Incident Safety Officer must recognize that this may place our workers at a greater risk of injury. This increased risk should be weighed against our risk management policy to determine acceptable limits and when/if alterations should be implemented. VI. Rehabilitation Considerations from High Heat and Humidity A. On hot and humid days before an event or activity: 1. Stay properly hydrated throughout the day by making a conscious effort to drink more fluids than normal. 2. Avoid caffeinated products that could lead to dehydration. 3. Consider a healthy breakfast with fruit and other nutritious components at the start of the shift. 4. Keep daily meals small but balanced. Try to avoid large, heavy meals during the hottest portion of the day. 5. Schedule non -emergency duties away from the hottest hours whenever possible. B. On hot and humid days during emergency response or physical activities: 1. Make sure rehab area has air conditioned (A/C) space where members can spend some time out of the heat and humidity. a. If nothing else, allow workers in rehab to rest in the cab or interior of air conditioned vehicles. b. Make sure exhaust from running vehicles does not pose an additional hazard for the Rehab Division. 2. Consider large fans or misting fans where possible for cooling down larger areas where an A/C is not available. 3. Keep hydration fluids cool and readily available to workers. 4. Consider potassium, sodium, and electrolyte replacement needs in mind at longer duration events. Members on medically restrictive diets should make the Rehab Supervisor aware if they are on low sodium, restricted potassium, or have other special dietary needs. VII. Rehabilitation Considerations from Danaerous Cold Temperatures A. On cold/wet days before an event or activity: 1. Dress appropriately for the weather with additional or heavier clothing as needed. 2. Bring extra clothes to the station to have dry clothing available after the event. SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 4 of 7 Remember that plentiful hydration is still an important need even in cold weather. 4. Avoid unnecessary exposure to extreme wet or cold environments for non -emergency activities whenever possible. B. On cold/wet days during emergency response or physical activities: 1. Provide heated areas in rehab where members can warm themselves while resting. 2. Consider contacting Red Cross for heated refreshments at longer duration events. 3. Provide dry clothing as soon as practical after the event. 4. Dry wet gear whenever possible between calls. VIII. Medical Evaluations A. When available, formal medical evaluations should be used to monitor members during rehab. To avoid conflicts with treatment and evaluation, a certain level of authority must be granted to EMS to ensure our personnel are not letting their own safety reach a critical point. While noble in heart and admirable in attitude, workers pushing themselves too far past physical limitations will eventually have a negative effect on overall Operations and incident morale. 1. Members sent for rehab are considered to be under direct order from their IC to report to the division. Failure to follow this order would fall into the same classification as failing to comply with a lawful order from a superior. 2. Members will not be allowed to return to emergency work until they have been cleared by the EMS providers in rehab. a. A member who refuses the EMS evaluation or recommended treatment options would be considered to be going against medical advice (AMA) and will not be allowed to return to duty at that time. b. The IC will be notified if members refuse medical evaluation or treatment during rehab. 3. Beaumont EMS medics performing the evaluation will have sole authority on whether or not a member is physically fit to return to work at the incident. 4. If there is disagreement about the needed treatment of a responder, the on scene action should always favor responder safety. a. After the event, the situation can be reviewed by Fire Administration and EMS Administration to determine if any adjustment needs to be made to the policy from either agency. b. The IC can call and consult with the EMS Supervisor if needed for clarity on scene. B. When workers enter rehab, they will be initially screened for: 1. Abnormal Vital Signs a. Body Temperature b. Heart Rate (Pulse) c. Respiratory Rate d. Blood Pressure e. Pulse Oximetry SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 5 of 7 f Carboxyhemoglobin Monitoring (CO), if available 2. Chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, weakness, nausea, headache 3. General complaints of cramps, aches, or pains 4. Symptoms of heat or cold related stress 5. Changes in speech, behavior, or signs of emotional distress 6. Alert and oriented x3 C. Any signs or symptoms of life threatening conditions will require a need for immediate treatment and transport to a medical facility. 1. To replace the EMS medics during care for one of our members or a civilian on scene, the IC will assign BFR members to temporarily take over medical evaluations until another BEMS med unit can arrive to continue these duties. D. Unless members appear to have life threatening symptoms from their initial evaluation, they will be allowed to rest and hydrate and then retake vitals before determining clearance from rehab. After this second assessment, members will be either: Cleared to return to emergency response duties. a. All vital signs are within acceptable ranges. i. Body temperature within a generally acceptable range ii. Heart rate lower than 100 beats per minute iii. Respirations in the normal 12-20 breaths per min range iv. Systolic rates lower than 160; Diastolic rates lower than 100 V. Pulse oximetry in normal acceptable range vi. CO levels within acceptable range b. There should be no signs of unusual physical or emotional distress. 2. Held for further evaluation. a. Workers may be held for another 15 to 30 minute rehab period if their condition has not returned to a normally acceptable level, but they do not appear life threatening. b. Members ti 1 �%,,,119j''rehab should be transported to a medical facility for further evaluation. 3 1111111111� „ � to a medical facility for treatment or more advanced evaluation. E. Medical evaluations should continue as needed for the duration of the event. SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 6 of 7 Appendix A: Heat Stress Index Heat Index - ategory Dangers 80-90 Caution Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. 91-10,5 Extreme caution .sunstroke, heat cramps and heat exhaustion possible with orolonaed exr)osure and/or ohvsical activity. Appendix B: Wind Chill Index (Mph) Temperature ("F) Calm 40 36 30 25 20 16 10 5 0 -6 -10 -16 -20 -25 -30 -36 -40 -45 36 31 25 19 13 7 1 -5 -11 -16 -22 -28 -34 -40 -46 ,52 -5 63 10 34 27 21 15 9 3 -4 -10 -16 -22 -28 -35 -41 -47 -53, -459 -66 -'7P 1s 32 25 19 13 6 0 -7 -13 -19 -26 -321 -39 -46 -61 -68 20 30 24 17 11 4 -2 -9 -15 2S 29 23 16 9 3 -4 .11 .17 -24 -31 -311 -44 -451 30 28 22 15 8 1-5 -12 -19 -26 -33 -39 -46 -63 35 28 21 14 7 0 -7 -14 -21 -27 44 41 40 �27 20 13 6 1 -8 -15 -22 -29 -436 43 -60 (Wind speeds Wgrier than Frostbito Times 30 was 10 min Smin 40rnph have I ittle addificniar effect) ............... ............... ............... ............... IIII,"",',,"",',,IIIIIIIII ....... SOG 200.04 — Worker Rehabilitation Page 7 of 7