HomeMy WebLinkAboutSOG 200.02A REVISED 12-2013_Hydrant Flow TestingEffective. 9/5/2010
Revised: 12/5/2013
Replaces:
200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing
I. Guiding PhilosophX
Fire flow tests are conducted on water distribution systems to determine the rate of now
available at various locations for fire -fighting purposes. We perform these tests so that we are
knowledgeable about the maximum capabilities of the water distribution system. Using this
knowledge within a system of managed risk helps us to operate safely and protect lives and
property as effectively as possible.
II. Purpose
The purpose of this policy is to provide standard criteria for the flow testing of fire
hydrants.
III. Goals
The goals of this policy are to:
A. Outline safety factors to consider when conducting a fire flow test.
B. Discuss the fire flow testing process and provide standard procedures for fire flow
testing.
C. Communicate documentation requirements.
IV. Definitions
A. Fire Flow Color Codes — All Beaumont fire hydrants are color coded, as set forth
in NFPA Standards, to indicate the tested fire flows @20 psi from the hydrant
during normal operation.
GPM
COLOR
>1500
Ligf'A Blue
1000-1500
Green
500-999
<500
Red
A. Flow Hydrant — Downstream hydrant where diffuser readings will be observed
and recorded.
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 1 of 11
B. Flow Rate — Estimate of the total flow in gallons per minute that a particular
hydrant can be expected to deliver at 20 psi. A hydrant's flow rate is dependent on
the size and layout of the water mains feeding it (the water distribution system).
C. Rate of Discharge — Number of gallons per minute that a hydrant orifice (either
2-1/2" or 4-1/2") can deliver.
D. Residual Pressure — Pressure that exists in the distribution system, measured at
the test hydrant at the time flow readings are taken at the flow hydrant.
E. Static Pressure — Pressure that exists at a given point under normal distribution
system conditions measured at the test hydrant and flow hydrant with no hydrants
ow in .
F. Test Hydrant — Hydrant where static and residual pressures will be observed and
recorded.
V. Safety Precautions When Flow Testing
A. Proper personal protective equipment must be utilized (eye protection, gloves,
reflective vest or bunker coat).
B. Efforts must be made to minimize damage to property from the flowing stream.
C. Both pedestrian and vehicular traffic must be controlled during all phases of
testing.
D. Tighten caps on hydrant outlets when not in use.
E. Stand away from closed caps.
F. Never lean over the top of a hydrant when in operation.
G. Open and close hydrants slowly to avoid water hammer.
H. Check downstream to determine where water will flow, since flowing water
across a busy street could cause an accident. Proper measures should be taken to
slow or stop traffic before flow testing begins.
VI. Fire Flow Testing Process & Procedures
A. Through standard calculations, hydrant fire flow tests determine the rate of water
flow available within the water distribution system by measuring the flow (GPM)
from selected hydrants, and recording the pressures (PSI) corresponding to the
flow to determine:
1. The number of gallons available at a particular pressure.
2. The pressure available at a particular flow.
B. Beaumont Fire -Rescue fire flow testing procedures have been developed after
review and consideration of the following national standards:
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 2 of 11
1. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 291 Recommended
Practice for Fire Flow Testing and MarkiLig of Hydrants, 2010 edition
2. American Water Works Association (AWWA M17—Manual of Water
Supply Practices: Installation. Field Testing and Maintenance o Fire
Hydrants
C. Equipment Needed for Fire Flow Testing
1. Water Distribution Map
2. 2-1/2" Diffuser(s)
3. 2-1/2" Static Gauges
4. Hydrant Wrenches
5. Portable Radios
6. Fire Flow Test Summary Sheet
D. General Flow Testing Process
1. A minimum of two (2) hydrants must be used.
a. The Test Hydrant will normally be the hydrant closest to the
occupancy being pre -planned (test location). It will be the
numbered hydrant (verified in Firehouse by number & location)
that the data being gathered will be entered for.
b. The Flow Hydrant will normally be the next hydrant on the main in
the direction of flow from the test hydrant.
c. Both the Test Hydrant and the Flow Hydrant(s) must be on the
same main.
2. Determining Direction of Flow
a. Beaumont's water distribution system is made up of "grids" that
may have different size mains within a particular section of the
grid. This can make the determination of flow direction more
difficult.
b. Normally, direction of flow is from larger mains to smaller mains.
c. The Flow Hydrant should be located downstream from the Test
Hydrant.
d. However, when water can flow from several different directions
(the mains are "looped'), then flow direction is igi cn(s 7i n�Y �„�; X014 and
the test results will still be valid.
e. Direction of flow is most critical when determining fire flows on
"dead end” mains.
3. Readings will be recorded from both of the above hydrants to calculate
the Hydrant Flow Rate.
a. Measurements are most accurate when readings are observed at
both hydrants (Test and Flow) simultaneously.
b. This can be accomplished by personnel communicating readings
via portable radio from both hydrants.
4. The actual location of each of the hydrants being used when taking the
fire flow test readings (Test and Flow) must be verified to insure
information accuracy.
E. Flow Testing Procedures
SOG 200.02A – Hydrant Flow Testing Page 3 of 11
1. Determine Static Pressure at the Test Hydrant:
a. Remove the 2-1/2" cap from the Test Hydrant.
b. Fully open the hydrant and flush until the water is clear.
Note: Hy(lrt°mfs must be flushi (l �:x�n.npleii l beh'v.� � �:xmne�Iing
,sic:°iikw gc:°ii.igi s c:in(l (Ii ffuss n!5,.i
Debris will cause damage and render them inoperable.
Please help keep our equipment in the best condition possible!
c. Shut down the hydrant and install a 2-1/2" static gauge. (See Figure
below)
d. Open the hydrant.
e. Bleed off air from the bleeder valve on the static gauge. When the
air has been fully purged, close the bleeder valve.
f. After the pressure stabilizes, record the Static Pressure reading on
the Fire Flow Test Summary Worksheet.
Be Patient—It often takes some time before the
hydrant pressure stabilizes enough to take an
accurate reading.
2. Determine Static Pressure and Flow at the Flow Hydrant:
a. Remove the 2-1/2" cap from the Flow Hydrant.
b. Fully open the hydrant and flush until the water is clear
c. Shut down the hydrant.
d. Feel inside the hydrant to determine the Coefficient of Discharge
for the
Outlet''Projectin8
rraat .l au ded Into ""dram
Vote yewlua,r 9iivagera
in the outlet to a'rret
determine if outlet
s smooth and roraru4ed �.
or square and sharp quaarel5taarp
Oullel Smooth Owlet square OuP.letlsquare and
and rounded and &Viarp projeciing mio harrel
('.Omt. 0..90) .--... Tco et. 0.80) (Coot. 0.70) ---
Three General Tyles of Hytliant Ontlets incl Their C'.netiicients of Discharge.
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 4 of 11
e. Record the coefficient of discharge for use in making flow
calculations later.
f. Install a 2-1/2" static gauge.
g. Fully open the hydrant.
h. Bleed off air from the bleeder valve on the static gauge. When the
air has been fully purged, close the bleeder valve.
i. After the pressure stabilizes, record the Static Pressure reading on
the Fire Flow Test Summary Worksheet. [BE PATIENT!
j L; 2 M,t,,,; ,�",,,,two recorded static;`,,,, �",�„�, , �",,,, ����1� �� (Test and
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,„,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Flow Hydrants).
k. Shut down the hydrant.
1. Install a 2-1/2” diffuser. (See below)
m. Fully open the hydrant.
n. Insure the bleeder valve on the diffuser is closed.
o. Contact the person at the test hydrant so that readings can be
coordinated.
p. Record the diffuser reading from the Flow Hydrant on the Fire
Flow Test Summary Worksheet.
Determine Residual Pressure at the Test Hydrant and the Flows at
Flow Hydrant(s):
a. Record the residual pressure reading on the Fire Flow Test
Summary Worksheet.
b. If the residual pressure has not dropped at least 5 PSI from the
original static pressure reading, then an additional downstream
hydrant must be utilized. If this is the case:
1. Shut down Flow Hydrant.
2. Bring the second diffuser to the next downstream hydrant.
3. Remove the 2-1/2” cap from the second Flow Hydrant.
4. Fully open the hydrant and flush until the water is clear.
5. Shut down the hydrant.
6. Install a 2-1/2" diffuser on the second Flow Hydrant.
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 5 of 11
7. 1" 1111 � i�l � min BOTJ �����„�� � �' 1^i�,,� n,,i t' �n,,i �.
I 1 ����u��� ����u t mil t�
8. Insure the bleeder valves on the diffusers are closed.
9. Record the flow (diffuser readings from both Flow
Hydrants on the Fire Flow Test Summary Worksheet.
c. If two flow hydrants are not required, record the flow (diffuser
reading) from the single Flow Hydrant on the Fire Flow Test
Summary Worksheet.
4. Secure Equipment & Complete the Data Gathering Process:
a. Shut down hydrant(s) slowly.
b. Remove gauges and diffusers and properly stow.
c. Replace hydrant caps securely.
d. Account for and properly stow all other testing equipment.
e. Check the Fire Flow Test Summary Worksheet to insure the
following readings were accurately recorded:
1. Static Pressure reading from the Test Hydrant
2. Residual Pressure reading from the Test Hydrant
3. Flow readings (diffuser) from the Flow Hydrant(s).
VII. Documentation
A. After completing the testing procedures, record the readings from the now testing
in the Firehouse Hydrant module.
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SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 6 of 11
suffix Station Hydrant No,
Suffix District Main ID
N" MOMMA
fydi jr i I (' r. I -, ..
1, Add Hydrant location by StreeUHighway to get a
........................... Hist of all hydrants on that street Choose hydrant iin
dow
rf T rop down f�st,
OR
I '�J � 2, Add hydrant by Hydrant No .......
Chck Enter ar
...............................
...................................................... .
Hecriog Ackivilhes
V q, I'(n-pr frr,rr,
r— Opl of ovice
....................................
114, drank f, ocadion fn/flul oil Scry�ce, & Oth#n Ifistor
V y
Cary fl'" o&
Reauncrit
-- -----------------------
11,41 1 1 � 'i, I jr1l
r) New De�'Mie close
Hydrant -10-1-106 D2 li,F2
Number Prefix Street/Highway Type Suffix Station Hydrant No.
1425 PKWY 010 10-1-106
.......................................... ...... I ................... - r ' I— I ........................ .... . ...... ....... ....... ... _,. . ....... .. .......................................
............................
r"jWejsect : : Address Line 2 District Main ID
.
. ......... !9D:
Line"2" . . . .FRONT GATE.. . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . ..... . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. .
� Contacts 11 Activities I F-- Tests �I Notes 11 Other... I
Specifications
1*
Make
Model
Year Barrel Size
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AM
. . . . .. .........................................
.. ... ... ... ... ... . ... ... ... ... ... ........
1'9'9'5" 0 ...
Hydrant Class
Barrel Length
Green,10001500 GPM
0.00
Main Type
Main Size
U N K„
Urtnown
Valve Location
Out of Service
Hecent Activities
Last Inspection
U2013
Last Flow Test
12412008
GPM Flow @ 20 psi
1
Check that Address, Station, District Make, Year, 1
Main Size, and Hydrant Location are correct.
Hydrant Location ...... s C I I ck " �F I ow Test""
City State ZIP Cc
� De7,,r—,.nt �[iX— i -
F
New Drowse DeletePrink,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
... PCIose
.......... ir, ............ ... ............ Print
... ..............
................................................................... J ................................ ......... 'I . . .................. . ................ I—J .............. "I'll", .......................................
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 7 of 11
Hy6ant No.
Number ,...... U�mmtn�..................................
....... ....... 4�..r— ..... di , ''
1
Ir, fNe 1. Click ""Flow Disoi t Main ID D�
.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N .
Une
N
,
Baa; sc �I Ljxicts �I Adi.y kuas' 'low Te*, I UMes � Qffieu ..
Stant Bata I Starrt Time StaRic 186dual %t IPVtSkt2
07124P20103 50 24 010
+r
2W utrar a AclGivuti s wcords listad
.......................................................
GPM I(S-) 20 psi 1@10
010 21014 p
,,,NIHUOMAAA%.1Pd0 0 0 ArlT uASSnIaft,p44 +..
2 kk "Add"
r
r- Out of Service
cQ 0 psi Staff d.
Show Flow 'T'esks With Status I Aumgw��
Q 4 F QV UD16 r Mwfawa Sawa Deto a Puiiu�nt... Cwc l
......]
Hydrant ID
�10-1-106 1425 WASHINGTON VILLAGE PKWY !VILLAS OF SUNNYSIDE FRONT GATE
G
A,ckivit 1R� air Flout Tests Notes �I Other...
y_
Dates & TimesSkarkDake S"k""'
rt Time "'Endrate End Time Total Hours
m� m"
lil 1 uiilkpV1 ii° .illl 0811912013 ! 1 " """ 0 00
Fiespof sl irfl ". """°"M""" "wry
Inspector " " µ "" w
,..,.,,
"
Station Shift... "it 6 "I.. CIIGk: "Completed"
.. (Fill in Times and Fates �--*-"
4.1..� � ill Mn"Responsibility"Section
.. Click IFlo Test"
......................................................................................................................................................................._..........................................................................................................................................................................................................
I'll I
jj
. New �..w. Save .w�I1 Ihi �hi.w...m�� L+ Close�.w..w,m�.��
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 8 of 11
Hydrant ID
0-1-106 1425 WASHINGTON VILLAGE PKWY !VILLAS OF SUNNYSIDE FRONT GATE
ActivityrRepair Flow Task Notes �� Other...
Measurements Reference Hydrants
Static Pressure Pitot Pressure 1 Discharge Coeff Reference Hydrant 1
y,II.,,,..,,.w,,, ,y..,.,.,.,.,..,,..,,..,,..,,..,,..,,..,,,,..,,..,,.w,.,,
V 0 psi V 0 psi F690V,,,
Residual Pressure Pitot Pressure 2 Outlet Diameter Reference Hydrant 2
........................w^,,e psi„..,...,...,...,....,..w^,,e psi
Flow Calculation Results
Override Automatic Hydrar
Flow Calculations
Flow
DefaukftewrhL��Jest
” `aw�„
Hydrant ID
10-1-106
IhIa:s: ii:r II Activi
Measurem(:
Stale 15r`es17
°. °W °~ p
Residual Pressure
Bpsi
Check that outlet diameter is -5
Put test: data into Corresponding boxes..
"Reference Hydrant 1 " is Your flow hydrant:
and "Pitot IF'essuro 1 " is the diffusor
reading from that same hydrant:..
Remember this "Hydrant IIS"" is the hydrant
that you obtain static and residual readings
from NOT the diff user connected floes
hdlrant..
""Reference Hydrant " should be completed if It
you need to flow an additionalh rant -... y"
complete the test..
When completed the "Flo @i,) 20 psi" will be
what dictates the hydrant color coding.
When complete click "Save."
Pitot Pressure 2 Outlet Diameter Reference Hydrant 2 p'
psi� 2.50 �,��.J� '� �..............................................................�,�.,, ..: ,
NYSIDE FRONT GATE
Flow Calculation Results
V.
Hydrant Flow Flow 10 psi
W
Override Automatick.,,,
Flow Calculations ,1 gpm O� gpm
Flow @ 20 psi Flow 0 psi
Default from Last Test gpm 0� gpm
jj
. New �..w. Save .w�D,Ihi ki.w...m,� L+ Close,.w..w,m,.��
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 9 of 11
Appendix A
Beaumont Fire -Rescue
Fire Flow Test Summary Sheet l cwtnpip t)cww cwl
Pre -Plan Location: CiiIHas of SunnysM dej
°t 0I°ie Test I°i lr lrvt
Address
11,125 Wr;rshrrrgh:m Village PkWyll
Station
101011
Hydrant No.
110 1 10611
Location
I11Ilas rrJ Sunnyside Fnml Gale/
Make
jAmerir;;anDarling/
Year
II�)�)511
Class (Color Code)
16reen/
Main Type & Size
IS.0011
Static Pressure*
IReading I:n) static gr:rugell
Residual Pressure
I Readingj, gouge W11
Comments:
At the Flow Hydrant(s)
Outlet Diameter
2 5I.IrAIruusr2.5"ll
Static Pressure*
jFn�)m FIlrml /lydrr;rrrt I//
Pitot Pressurel
jFn�)m FIlrml / lydrant "x.11
Discharge Coefficient
r��r��rri�rrrr�r°�' ���r eellrrrg inside the,2 u� "�)rr�iice �)JIl�)IAI I..iydroni.l.I
I I
Reference Hydrantl
Pitot Pressure2
17 he I/Zr r:r2Q:: fi)r Fhml /lydrantI.11
1 n) FIlrml IIydrr;rrrI 2gd/1
Reference Hydrant2
117he�:I. r rr;rrr.: rr.. fi)r Fhml HydranI ., j g4//
Comments:
Corrr Hard°.. rd ��trr
d:fir"r tl "u,; r„� lu,; ilk c d ^.!
�rr�;m m"�Y� 4dw"VII II
NNm i stt...so t....e test
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 10 of 11
Beaumont Fire -Rescue
Fire Flow Test Summary Sheet
Pre -Plan Location:
°L 0I°ie Test Iiydr&nt
Address
Station
Hydrant No.
Location
Make
Year
Class (Color Code)
Main Type & Size
Static Pressure*
Residual Pressure
Comments:
d fintl "u,; „� lu,; ilk c d ^.!
d���N�;b m"�Y� 4dw"VII II
N'n i stt...so t....e test
!hg F ifn,wi t&E eqKibleobstrtyllib .
SOG 200.02A — Hydrant Flow Testing Page 11 of 11